UGC NET Paper II and III Write up International Library Associations , Ph 078-380-243-65

International Library Associations: Several professional organizations and private foundations around the world work to promote international cooperation in establishing new libraries and in improving services at the existing libraries. These organizations provide the librarians with information about the international forums in which they can exchange ideas, develop networks for sharing resources, and create compatible standards and protocols for various library procedures.

Some of the most prominent international library programmes are those sponsored by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA)  the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) ; the International Council on Archives (ICA) ; the British Council ; the International Association of School Librarianship (IASL) ; the U.S. Department of State, through its Office of International Information Programs and the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP) <http://www.cilip.org.uk/>.

            Organization like the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Publishers Association (IPA), the International Council of Museums (ICOM), the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), the International Committee of the Blue Shield (ICBS) also play important role in library and information science activities.

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UGC NET Paper II and III Write up Information System , Ph 078-380-243-65

Information System: “An information system or information grid is a network of information centre at different levels working in perfect harmony and close co-operation with each other with the objectives of storing and dissemination of information usually of a specific type or a specific community”. In simple form an information system is a group of components that interact to produce information for a specific group of users.

The Information providers on the other hand are organization that collect the information, select appropriate document and convert the materials into machine readable form. They are the creator and access providers to the databases.

            The Information vendors are persons / organization who are the retailer of online searching services, bibliographic databases, etc. They own the computer and software for information retrieval. They develop a set of instruction or command for searching the databases and then obtain a number of machine readable databases through licensing agreement with various databases producers and load these databases on their computer system and provide access to information to the end users, i. e libraries, information centres, etc. Information vendors are on business. Eg. DIALOG.

Types of Information System: Information network are comprised of group of individuals or organizations that exchange information in various form in a regular and organized basis. Before establishing information network a formal agreement between members of the network and a common procedure than need to be followed are established. The information network can be a decentralized structure where all the members can communicate with each other directly, or it can be a centralized one where the members communicate through centers. The structure can also be a mixed one combing the above two where certain communication will take place directly while some other may take place through the center.

            Based on the geographical areas covered, an information system may be an International; regional, national or local one while based on the subject consideration, an information system may be of general or sectoral. It can be noted that the sectoral information sytem are generally the international or regional one, while the general information system are of national and local one.

a) International Information System: The International information system is also known as global information system. The Global Information System is the information system that collects, process and provide access to the information globally.

An International Information System is a network of information centre that covers the whole world or parts of the whole world i.e when a group of regional and national information system work in perfect harmony and close co-operation with the object of providing new services for identified gaps, so coordinated as to reinforced and enhance the activities of the individual units and thus enable specific categories of user to receive the information relevant to their needs and abilities then it is called as International Information System. In respect of its geographical coverage, International Information System is at the top of any information system. Eg. ENVIS.

b) Regional Information System: A Regional Information System is a network of information centre within a region or area. The area cover includes two or more nation, whose components of information system work in perfect harmony and close co-operation with the object of providing new services for identified gaps, so coordinated as to reinforced and enhance the activities of the individual units and thus enable specific categories of user to receive the information relevant to their needs and abilities.. In respect of its geographical coverage it is in between International Information System and National Information System. Eg. SAARC.

According to International Society for Telemedicine and eHealth (www.isft.net/cms/index.php) a regional information system is an “information system providing access to information stored in cf. operational systems of a region”.

When Regional Information System work as part of International Information System its objectives is to be

i) Maintain Union Catalogue of monograph, serials and non-book materials held in the libraries and information centres of the region.

ii) Maintain the copies of union catalogue of other region so that union catalogue enquiries relating to the entire countries holding can be handled at the regional level itself, thereby reducing the traffic of international information centre, etc.

c) National Information System: A National Information System is basically a network of existing information resources within a nation together with new services for identified gaps, so coordinated as to reinforced and enhance the activities of the individual units and thus enable specific categories of user to receive the information relevant to their needs and abilities. The national information system exists at national level but accessibility is international eg. INSDOC.

d) Sectoral Information System: Sectoral Information System is based on subject specialization. It maintains a rich collection of materials in the specialized areas only to which it is intended but with international scope. Eg. Agricultural Information System (AGRIS).

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UGC NET Paper II and III Write up Indian Association of Special Libraries and Information Centres (IASLIC) , Ph 078-380-239-56

Indian Association of Special Libraries and Information Centres (IASLIC): Three leading librarians from Calcutta, J. Saha, A. K. Mukherjee and G. B. Ghosh convened a meeting of librarians and documentalists on June 25, 1955 at Indian Museum, Calcutta. This meeting resulted in the formation of IASLIC <http://iaslic1955.org> on 3^rd September 1955. Dr. Sunal Lal Hora was unanimously selected as its first president and Jibananda Saha was the general secretary. IASLIC headquarters is located at P-291, CIT Scheme No 6M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata – 700 054.

a) Objectives: The objectives of IASLIC are to

i) Promote the quality of Library and Information Services;

ii)  Coordinate the activities, and

iii) Foster mutual cooperation and assistance among the special libraries, scientific, technological and research institutions, learned societies, commercial organizations, industrial research establishments as well as centres of studies in social sciences and humanities;

iv) Improve the technical efficiency of the professionals;

v) Act as a centre of research and studies in special librarianship and documentation techniques;

vi) Act as a centre of information in scientific, technical and other related fields of LIS in pursuance of the aforesaid objects.

b) Organization: The general body of the members of IASLIC biennially elects 14 office-bearers and 20 members of the Council, which is the highest organ to formulate the policies and programmes of work. The Council appoints from among its members the Executive and Finance Committee consisting of 8 office-bearers and 4 members to manage the regular activities. Six Divisions are also constituted by the Council for each term. They are

i) Documentation Services;

ii) Education;

iii) Publication & Publicity;

iv) Library Services;

v) Documentary Reproduction and Translation;

vi) Cooperation and Coordination of Libraries.

c) Membership: IASLIC is composed of four kinds of members, namely Honorary Membership, Donor Membership, Institutional Membership, Individual Membership (Donor, Ordinary Membership, and Life Membership).

d) Functions and Activities

i) JOCLAI: To bring about mutual co-operation and unified action on matters of common interests, IASLIC mooted the idea of forming the Joint Council of Library Associations of India (JOCLAI) especially of those at national level. The JOCLAI meetings take place during the national meets of each IASLIC and ILA. It has formulated a Code of Ethics for the library profession in India.

ii) Documentation, Documentary Reproduction & Translation Services: The IASLIC undertakes compilation of bibliographies and English translation of documents from Russian, German, French, Chinese, Japanese, etc. and also undertakes imaging of documents for archiving. All these services are provided on non-profit basis.

iii) Library Consultancy Service: The Association undertakes consultancy services like creation of computerized bibliographic databases, retrospective conversion of records, preservation & conservation of documents, cataloguing, classification and stock verification in public and private organizations on non-profit basis.

iv) Publication: Its publications include IASLIC Bulletin, IASLIC Newsletter, Different books, Monographs, Directory, IASLIC Proceedings, IASLIC Annual Report, etc.

v) Seminars, Conferences, Workshops and Training: The Association in its continuing education programmes conducts short term courses, workshops, round tables, seminars etc. It holds a biennial seminar and a conference in alternate years.

vi) Mailing Lists and Forum: IASLIC Council created Special Interest Groups (SIG) to bring together persons of common interests. SIG Group meetings are held during IASLIC Conference of common interests. The SIG includes SIG on Industrial Information; SIG on Social Science Information, SIG on Computer Application, SIG on Humanities Information, SIG on Informetrics, and SIG on Library & Information Science Education.

vii) Others: The IASLIC conducts study circle meetings for discussion on various issues of interest concerning LIS. It also conduct Ranganathan Memorial Lecture which has been held since 1993 on any topic of Library, Information and Communication science by leading personalities of the profession. Besides, it also conducts Annual Special Lecture and celebrates the Librarian’s Day every year.\

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